thomas more and margaret pole relationship

And More determined that their daughters would receive the same education as their son. In some cases, they conspired against the crown while claiming, if it went badly, that their weak female brains had been addled by male influence, and that fragility and brittleness allowed their trust to be easily abused. He sent envoys. The nun sought out eminent supporters, especially those who, like Margaret and like Gertrudes husband, had a claim to the throne, and pressed on them the contents of her visions: unless he went back to his wife and to Rome, Henry would expire in torments. Higginbothams narrative begins with this bungled beheading so either the jacket designer was in the dark about the contents, or someone at her publisher has a mordant sense of humour. He had several other livings, although he had not been ordained a priest. Abstract. But Margaret Pole, one of the great magnates of Tudor England, is not overlooked. In 1504, More was elected to Parliament and one of his first acts was to oppose Henry VIIs request of a grant of three-fifteenths. Whatever her private feelings at this point, in public she was pragmatic and circumspect. It was the beginning of a fertile new line. The most persistent of the pretenders who plagued Henry was Peter Warbeck (baptised Perkin by the regime to make him sound silly), who claimed to be Richard of York, the younger of the vanished princes. So yes, the Pole family were cousins to de la Pole family. His father recalled him to London and he trained as a law student at New Inn and later Lincolns Inn. He later characterized this as abandonment by his mother, and bitterly resented it for much of his life, although he became an important figure in the church. When he later built his Great House in Chelsea, its rooms were specifically designed to encourage quiet study and prayer. For a time, she and her younger brother were in the care of their maternal aunt, Anne Neville, who was married to their paternal uncle, Richard of Gloucester. If the great Sir Thomas More believed the kings marriage to be unlawful, why, it must be so! * Thomas Stafford (1531-4 May 1557) who was captured and executed for High Treason in Scarborough. She held a noble title in her own right, and controlled great wealth, after she was restored to favor during the reign of Henry VIII but she became embroiled in the religious controversy over his split with Rome and was executed on Henrys orders. EXECUTED: 27 MAY 1541. Please include name, address, and a telephone number. Biography. Only when Fitzwilliam called Reginald a whoreson did she object, saying with a wonderful sorrowful countenance that he was no whoreson, for she was both a good woman and true. When Reginald, lying abroad, heard of her death, he announced to his secretary that he was now the son of a martyr. He has been held up to schoolchildren for centuries as the most. This blatant disrespect could not be tolerated and Mores name was included in a Bill of Attainder against Elizabeth Barton, the Holy Maid of Kent, who had prophesized against the kings annulment. She was cousin to Henry VIII's mother, and well trusted by the king for years. The feast day of Blessed Margaret Pole is 28 May, and she was beatified 1886 by Pope Leo VIII. And "Look," we say, "look, I'm anchored! In 1487, an imposter, Lambert Simmel, pretended to be her brother Edward, and was used to try to gather a rebellion against Henry VII. This was not, as some say, Cratwell, who had himself been executed three years earlier, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Church of Our Lady Queen of Peace & Blessed Margaret Pole, "Unknown woman, formerly known as Margaret Plantagenet , Countess of Salisbury National Portrait Gallery", "The Execution of Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury", "1541: Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury", "Pole, Margaret, suo jure countess of Salisbury (14731541), noblewoman", "Margaret Plantagenet, Lady Pole & Countess of Salisbury (14731541)", "Our Lady Queen of Peace & Blessd Margaret Pole, Southbourne", The Tragical History of King Richard the Third, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Pole,_Countess_of_Salisbury&oldid=1140799395, People convicted under a bill of attainder, People executed by Tudor England by decapitation, People executed under the Tudors for treason against England, Burials at the Church of St Peter ad Vincula, Governesses to the English Royal Household, Hereditary peeresses created by Henry VIII, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Articles incorporating text from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles needing copy edit from February 2023, Articles needing expert attention from June 2022, Miscellaneous articles needing expert attention, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, English Martyrs Church, Preston (she is on the right. Managed projects by translating human insights into actionable guidance for skilled teams. More also engaged in a public war of words on the kings behalf with Martin Luther, the father of the Reformation. This was partly due to Mores intellectual prominence; he was perhaps the most famous Englishman on the continent, with a wide and varied correspondence. Gregory had been corresponding with Reginald; the investigation of Henry Courtenay, Marquess of Exeter (Henry VIII's first cousin and Geoffrey's second cousin), had turned up his name. On May 27th 1541, Margaret Pole, the 8th Countess of Salisbury was executed at the Tower of London. His resignation was at first not accepted. * Walter Stafford (about 1539-after 1571 . ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/margaret-pole-tudor-matriarch-and-martyr-3530618. On the scaffold, Margaret prayed for the royal family all except Anne Boleyns daughter, Elizabeth, whom she regarded as illegitimate. The accounts differ slightly; Marillac's report, dispatched two days afterwards, recorded that the execution took place in a corner of the Tower with so few people present that, in the evening, news of her execution was doubted. In 1886, Margaret would be beatified by Pope Leo XIII as a martyr to Henrys regime. She was a patron of the New Learning, like many Renaissance noblewomen; Gentian Hervet had translated Erasmus' de immensa misericordia Dei (The Great Mercy of God) into English for her. In an effort to force their co-operation, Henry separated his wife and child, and Margaret who was Marys godmother offered to serve the young girl at her own expense. The Imperial Ambassador, Eustace Chapuys, suggested two years later that Mary be handed over to Margaret, but Henry refused, calling her "a fool, of no experience". And the king was not pleased with the young lawyer; he promptly imprisoned Mores father in the Tower until he paid a substantial fine. The eldest daughter of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York, Margaret was the sister of Henry VIII. She was pregnant at the time of her bereavement, and soon she would join the entourage of the Spanish bride. True or not, the marriage proved to be happy and fruitful, though of brief duration. Margaret Poles house had been searched in the efforts to find evidence to back of the attainders of those executed. But and of course this clause was added simply to trap More the Act also required a repudiation of any foreign authority, prince or potentate. More could recognize Anne as the crowned queen of England. Margaret, warned of the threat he represented to her own interests and life, said: I trow he is not so unhappy that he will hurt his mother, and yet I care neither for him, nor for any other, for I am true to my Prince., At this point she was questioned rigorously by Henrys councillor William Fitzwilliam. The grave of Anne Boleyn. There are only glimpses of her in these years: my lady Margaret of Clarence. He could now only write to his wife and favorite daughter Margaret with a piece of coal or burnt stick on scraps of paper. EDWARD STAFFORD, THIRD DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM, eldest son of Henry Stafford, second Duke of Buckingham, was born at Brecknock Castle on 3 Feb. 1477-8. Its influence upon William Shakespeares Richard III is immense. As a newly elected representative for London in Parliament and an undersheriff in the city, he was deeply involved in public life. Mr Buxton has returned to live quietly in Cranford following . Now he decided to seriously test his religious convictions. Even as he secretly wore a hair shirt, he openly and consistently fasted, prayed, and maintained a relatively modest household. Margaret was one of just two women in 16th-century England to be a peeress in her own right (suo jure) without a husband in the House of Lords. Both Sir Thomas More and Margaret Pole were devout Catholics, dedicated to their faith and their country. Henry Courtenay och Margaret Pole och fngslades i Towern. He answered their queries as best he could, assuring them of his loyalty to king and state and stressing the matter of his personal conscience. Was More surprised by this speech? "Margaret Pole, Tudor Matriarch and Martyr." For Maid star Margaret Qualley, her job was all about building a relationship with child actor Rylea Nevaeh Whittet and making her feel safe on the set of the Netflix series that delves into . Ironically, it was his own honesty and probity which ensured his continued service to Henry. The new king married Margaret's cousin, Elizabeth of York, Edward IV's daughter, and Margaret and her brother were taken into their care. The story of Mores last days is terribly affecting. Margaret was a daughter of George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence and Isabella Neville. BORN: 1473. Margaret was stripped of her titles and imprisoned in the Tower of London. [2] As one of the few members of the House of Plantagenet to have survived the Wars of the Roses, she was executed in 1541 at the command of King Henry VIII, the second monarch of the House of Tudor, who was the son of her first cousin, Elizabeth of York. I have a feeling that Edward and Thomas had an even closer relationship when their brother Henry was around. As his disgrace deepened, Margaret withdrew from court. Edward IV died in 1483 when Margaret was ten. And when the English clergy were forced to acknowledge Henry as the supreme head of their church, More attempted to resign his office. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. Henry VII had Edward executed, leaving Margaret as the sole survivor of George of Clarence. He was knighted in 1521, became speaker of the House of Commons in 1523, and earned the title of Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. When Catherine of Aragon gave birth to a daughter, Mary, Margaret Pole was asked to be one of the godmothers. Where is Hans Holbein when you need him? He was a brilliant scholar of the Renaissance who died rather than betray the Catholic church. Margaret was perhaps guilty only by association, but at this distance it is impossible to tell. Nor make one step, as you shall see; In 1520 Margaret was appointed governess to Henry's daughter Mary. On this date in 1541, 68-year-old Margaret Pole, countess of Salisbury, was beheaded within the confines of the Tower of London, as befitted her rank. Edward IV declared that Margaret's younger brother, Edward, should be known as Earl of Warwick as a courtesy title, but no peerage was ever created for him. She was now one of the richest people in England. The 8-episode season follows Catherine of Aragon (Charlotte Hope) and King Henry VIII's (Ruari O'Connor) tumultuous marriage. When not at Court, Margaret lived chiefly at Warblington Castle in Hampshire and Bisham Manor in Berkshire. It is unlikely she had seen him for many years, but in any case, mourning for a traitor was inadvisable. After his death, and for centuries thereafter, Sir Thomas More was known as the most famous victim of Henry VIII's tyranny. As a boy, More spent some time in the household of John Morton, Archbishop of Canterbury. Name: Thomas More. More would have to either acknowledge the kings spiritual supremacy and marriage to Anne Boleyn, or he would die. Born in 1473 into a world of bloody dynastic feuds, she survived under the first Tudor and thrived under the second, until she and her family, long suspected of plots against the regime, were destroyed. . Geoffrey Pole, who had given the government what it needed, was pardoned. The charge was treason. 3.67. But Lord Montagu attended Annes coronation as he would later attend her trial. London Review of Books, This is what Margaret is now, besides paper and ink, and the ruins of her palaces: pieces of breastbone and pelvis, a single finger bone and four vertebrae. Elizabeth Throckmorton. Thomas More was living in his home called The Barge at Bucklersbury, off the east end of Cheapside about 500 yards north of the Thames. But with him away from court there were outside influences on their relationship that neither brother could see coming. Illustrated statistics ; Map ; Browse using this individual as Sosa/Ahnentafel #1 . The pilgrimage was an effort to organize a march on London to install a conservative Catholic government instead of Henry's increasingly Protestant-leaning one. The prestige of her ancient family, her traditionalist stance in religion, and her status as a peer in her own right all these defined a woman who might wish to resist the new order. But to Mores credit, he made an impassioned plea for greater freedom of speech in parliament. May 28, 2015. [4] After her husband's death, Margaret had such inadequate means to support herself and her children that she was forced to live at Syon Abbey as the guest of the Bridgettine nuns. When that daughters father-in-law was executed by Henry VIII, the Pole family fell out of favor briefly, but regained favor. The countess was to look after the little girls health and diet, ensure that she did not wear herself out in learning French and Latin, and see that her immediate environment was kept spotless, so that everything about her be pure, sweet, clean and wholesome, as to so great a princess doth appertain. Joan, wife of Roger Swillington. Margaret was 12 years old when Henry VII defeated Richard III and claimed the crown of England by right of conquest. It is only in adversity that Margaret shows herself, in the records of her interrogations, when she was a woman in her sixties, experienced, shrewd, hard to frighten. Either her sons had not made her aware of their dealings, Fitzwilliam concluded, or she was an adept in brazen deceit. In 1539, Reginald was sent to the Emperor to organize an embargo against Englandthe sort of countermeasure he had himself warned Henry was possible.[14]. She was the niece of Edward IV and Richard III of England by way of their brother George Plantagenet, 1 st Duke of Clarence. He had long felt a calling to the priesthood. Henrys adult opponents were dead or driven abroad. She was a devout and learned young woman, and though we primarily know her as the older wife who could not bear Henry his desired son and heir, she was once young and pretty and well-liked. The queen had suffered a series of miscarriages throughout their marriage; their only surviving child was the Princess Mary. Back in 1521, there had been a wobble in the family fortunes when the Duke of Buckingham, into whose family Ursula Pole had married, was executed for treason: Margarets eldest son, Henry Lord Montagu, had been imprisoned briefly, and her duties in the princesss household were suspended. In Utopia, he identified himself as a citizen of London, and it was in London that he was born on 7 February 1477, the only surviving son of John More and his first wife, Agnes Graunger. She managed her lands quite well, and became one of the five or six wealthiest peers in England. When Henry began to poll the European universities about the legality of his annulment, he chose Reginald to visit the Sorbonne, and had no fault to find with the way he carried out his mission. It was unlawful before man and God and thus void. . A Bill of Attainder disinherited Margaret and her younger brother, Edward, and removed them from the line of succession. When Henry began proceedings to annul his first marriage, when Catherine was discarded and the Princess Mary downgraded to Lady Mary, the kings daughter, Margaret proved fiercely loyal and protective. That was the beginning of Thomas Mores public career, and it was a telling one. Edward was then brought out and displayed briefly to the public. It is only in posteritys schoolroom view that Bosworth was the end of the Middle Ages or the end of anything; the noble families didnt think their wars were over, and indeed they were not, because in 1487 the new king was defending his throne at the Battle of Stoke. After the first round of questioning she was held in custody at Cowdray, Fitzwilliams house. Margaret reminded Reginald what they all owed to the Tudors, and urged him to give up his enterprise, to take another way and serve the king: his renegade actions, she said, had plunged her into grief and fear, and trust me, Reginald, there never went the death of thy father or of any child so nigh my heart. Thomas Cromwell, who spied efficiently on the whole family, tried to have Reginald abducted or assassinated. More's trial took place on 1 July. Thomas More worked hard for the king. The following poem was found carved on the wall of her cell: For traitors on the block should die; Mary's household was broken up at the end of the year, and Margaret asked to serve Mary at her own cost, but was not permitted. Because she was a girl Margaret did not represent the same threat. After Henry VIII and then his son Edward VI had died, and Mary I was queen, with the intention to restore England to Roman authority, Reginald Pole was appointed papal legate to England by the Pope. Margarets whole family had been elevated with her on the wheel of fortune. Was she, at this point or that, doing nothing of interest at all or was she doing everything, in a way that was almost supernaturally discreet? Two days later, a four-count indictment charging More with treason was presented to the commission. Margaret would have been too young to remember her mother, and it is likely that she was brought up within her fathers princely household, then after his execution lived with her cousins, the many daughters of Edward IV. He returned to Padua in 1532 and received a last English benefice in December of that same year. More & # x27 ; s mother, and removed them from the line of succession More with was... Lincolns Inn Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence and Isabella Neville of Clarence and Isabella Neville student at new and... In any case, mourning for a traitor was inadvisable in public she cousin. Of favor briefly, but regained favor well trusted by the king for.! 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